I ēnei rā, ka aro nui te tangata ki te iti o te waro me te tiaki taiao, nō reira, i te wā e whakapaipai ana, ka whiriwhiri te nuinga o te tangata i ētahi paninga e pai ana ki te taiao. I tēnei rā, ko te nuinga o ngā paninga ā-wai e kōrerohia ana mō te taiao. E rua ngā momo paninga e wehea ana ngā paninga ā-wai: ko ngā paninga wairewa (paninga wai) me ngā paninga whakarewa. Nā, he aha te rerekētanga i waenganui i ēnei paninga ā-wai e rua?
Ka taea te wehewehe i te rerekētanga i waenga i ngā paninga wai me ngā paninga whakarewa mai i ngā tirohanga e whai ake nei:
A. Ngā rerekētanga o ngā pūnaha paninga
1. He rerekē te kapia. Ka wairewa te kapia o te peita wai-wai, ā, ka taea te whakamarara (merewa) ki te wai;
2. He rerekē te wairewa (whakarewa). Ka taea te waimeha i ngā peita wai ki te DIWater (wai whakakore iona) i tētahi ōwehenga, engari ko ngā peita waimeha ka taea anake te waimeha ki ngā wairewa waro (kerōsine kore kakara, hinu mā, me ētahi atu).
B. Ngā whakaritenga hanga paninga rerekē
1. Mō te taiao hanga, ko te pāmahana tio o te wai he 0 °C, nō reira kāore e taea te pani i ngā paninga wai i raro i te 5 °C, engari ka taea te pani i ngā paninga whakarewa i runga ake i te -5 °C, engari ka puhoi te tere maroke, ā, ka roa ake te wā i waenga i ngā ara;
2. Mō te matotoru o te hanga, he ngoikore te pānga whakaiti matotoru o te wai, ā, ka raru te peita wai-wai ina waimeha, ina whakaitihia te matotoru (mā te whakaiti matotoru ka tino whakaiti i te nui o te totoka o te wai mahi peita, ka pā ki te kaha hipoki o te peita, ka whakanui ake i te maha o ngā haerenga hanga). He watea ake te whakarerekētanga matotoru e hangai ana ki te whakarewa, ā, ka pā hoki te rohe matotoru ki te whiriwhiri i te tikanga hanga;
3. Mō te whakamaroke me te whakamaroke, he ngawari ake te peita wai, he teitei te haumākū, he iti te pāmahana, kāore e taea te whakamaroke pai, ā, he roa te wā whakamaroke, engari ki te wera te pāmahana, me whakamahana anō hoki te peita wai i roto i te pikinga, ā, ka uru tonu ki te taiao pāmahana teitei. I muri i te maroke o te mata o te peita wai, ka taea e te waipuke o te mamaoa wai o roto te puta he kōhao iti, he pupuhi nui rānei, nā te mea ko te wai anake te mea e whakamahia ana hei wairewa i roto i te peita wai, ā, kāore he pikinga whakakorikori. Mō ngā paninga wairewa, he mea tito te wairewa mai i ngā wairewa waro me ngā ira kohua rerekē, ā, he maha ngā pikinga whakakorikori. Kāore e puta ngā āhuatanga rite i muri i te kanapa (mai i te wā whakamaroke i muri i te hanganga ki te wā whakamaroke i mua i te whakaurunga ki te oumu).
C. Ngā rerekētanga o te whakapaipai paninga i muri i te hanganga kiriata
C-1. Te rerekētanga o te kanapa
1. Ka taea e ngā paninga whakarewa te whakahaere i te pai o ngā tae me ngā whakakī i runga i te hurihanga, ā, kāore e ngāwari te whakamātotoru i te wā e rongoa ana. Mā te tāpiri i ngā kapia hei whakahaere i te paninga PVC (ōwehenga tae-ki-te-papa), ngā tāpiringa (pērā i ngā kaihoko whāriki) hei whakatutuki i ngā huringa o te kanapa o te kiriata paninga, ka taea te kanapa ki te matte, matte, haurua-matte, me te kanapa-teitei. Ka taea e te kanapa o te peita motuka te eke ki te 90% neke atu rānei;
2. Kāore te kanapa o ngā peita wai i te whānui pērā i ngā peita hinu, ā, he ngoikore te kanapa teitei. Nā te mea ka whakamahia te wai i roto i te peita wai hei waiwhakarewa. Nā ngā āhuatanga whakakorikori o te wai ka uaua ai te peita wai.
whakaatu i te kanapa teitei neke atu i te 85%.
C-2. Te rerekētanga o te whakaaturanga tae
1. He whānuitia ngā tae me ngā whakakī o ngā paninga whakarewa, ahakoa he mea kore-waro, he mea waro rānei, nō reira ka taea te whakarerekē i ngā tae rerekē, ā, he tino pai te whakaaturanga tae;
2. He iti te whānuitanga o ngā tae me ngā whakakī mō ngā peita wai-tūturu, ā, kāore e taea te whakamahi i te nuinga o ngā tae rauropi. Nā te kore o te tae i oti, he uaua ki te whakarite i ngā tae momona pērā i ngā peita whakarewa-tūturu.
D. Te Rokiroki me te Kawe
Kāore he whakarewa waro mura i roto i ngā peita wai, ā, he haumaru te penapena me te kawe. Mēnā ka poke, ka taea te horoi me te whakaranu ki te nui o te wai. Heoi, he whakaritenga pāmahana mō ngā peita wai mō te penapena me te kawe. Te miraka me ētahi atu mate.
E. Te Whakawhitiwhiti Mahi
Ko te nuinga o ngā paninga whakarewa he hua rauropi, ā, he maha ngā raruraru ka pā ki ngā hua rauropi pērā i te haehae mekameka me te whakapūngao waro i raro i ngā āhuatanga pāmahana teitei. I tēnei wā, kāore te ātete pāmahana mōrahi o ngā hua rauropi e neke ake i te 400 °C.
Ka taea e ngā paninga ātete pāmahana teitei motuhake e whakamahi ana i ngā kapia kore-waro motuhake i roto i ngā paninga wai-tūhono te tu atu i ngā pāmahana mano nekehanga. Hei tauira, ko ngā paninga wai-tūhono ātete pāmahana teitei raupapa ZS ehara i te mea ka whakaarohia noa ngā āhuatanga ārai-waikura me te ārai-waikura o ngā paninga tikanga, engari ka whakaarohia hoki te ātete pāmahana teitei mō te wā roa, tae atu ki te 3000 ℃ Teitei pāmahana, he mea kāore e taea e ngā paninga whakarewa-tūhono.
G. Ngā rerekētanga o te haumaru me te tiaki taiao
He tūponotanga haumaru pea ngā paninga whakarewa-wairewa pērā i te ahi me te pahūtanga i te wā e hangaia ana, e kawe ana, e penapena ana, e whakamahi ana hoki. Ina koa i ngā wāhi kuiti, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka whakamomori, ka pahū hoki. I taua wā anō, ka pā kino anō hoki ngā whakarewa waro ki te tinana tangata. Ko te take rongonui ko te take o te toluene e mate ai te mate pukupuku, ā, kāore e whakaaetia kia whakamahia te toluene. He teitei te VOC o ngā paninga whakarewa-wairewa, ā, tae noa ki te 400 ngā hua tuku iho. Kei raro i te pēhanga nui ngā pakihi mō te tiaki taiao me te haumaru i te wā e hangaia ana, e whakamahia ana hoki ngā paninga whakarewa-wairewa.
He pai mō te taiao ngā paninga wai, ā, he haumaru hoki mō te hanga, te kawe, te rokiroki, me te whakamahi (haunga ngā paninga wai rūpahu mai i ētahi kaihanga kore mana).
Whakatau:
He painga, he ngoikoretanga anō hoki ō ngā paninga wai me ngā paninga whakarewa. Nā te mea kāore anō kia tino pakari te rangahau mō ngā paninga wai, kāore e taea e te mahi a ngā paninga wai te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o te mahi hanga hapori. He mea tika tonu te whakamahi i ngā paninga whakarewa. Ka tātarihia, ka aromatawaihia te āhuatanga tūturu, ā, kāore e taea te whakakorekore nā te mea he ngoikoretanga o tētahi momo peita. E whakaponohia ana, mā te hohonu haere o te rangahau pūtaiao mō ngā paninga wai, ā, i tētahi rā, ka whakamahia whānuitia ngā paninga hou e pai ana ki te taiao, e haumaru ana hoki, puta noa i ngā kokonga katoa o te ao.
Wā tuku: Hanuere-13-2022