He matū hohe ā-ipurangi te mea whakamarara, ā, e rua ngā āhuatanga rerekē o te lipophilicity me te hydrophilicity i roto i te ngota.
Ko te marara e pā ana ki te ranunga i hangaia e te mararatanga o tētahi matū (o ētahi matū rānei) ki roto i tētahi atu matū hei matūriki.
Ka taea e ngā mea whakamarara te whakamarara ōrite i ngā matūriki totoka me ngā matūriki wai o ngā tae kore-waro me ngā tae waro e uaua ana ki te rewa i roto i ngā wai, ā, ka ārai hoki i te whakatō me te whakapūmau o ngā matūriki, ka hanga he matūriki amphiphilic e hiahiatia ana mō ngā whakatārewatanga pumau. Kei te rangahau me te whakawhanake matū a Houhuan me te hanga i ngā tāpiringa wai me ngā tāpiringa hinu i roto i ngā ahumahi rerekē, e pā ana ki ngā kāwai surfactant.
Kua wehea te pūnaha marara ki: te otinga, te korōiti me te whakatārewatanga (emulsion). Mō te otinga, he kaiwhakamarara te mea solute, ā, he kaiwhakamarara te whakarewa. Hei tauira, i roto i te otinga NaCl, ko te kaiwhakamarara ko NaCl, ā, ko te kaiwhakamarara ko te wai. Ko te kaiwhakamarara e pā ana ki te rauemi kua marara hei matūriki i roto i te pūnaha marara. Ko tētahi atu matū e kiia ana ko te matū marara.
Ko ngā mahi a te whakamahi i te kaiwhakamarara tae ahumahi koia ēnei:
1. Whakamahia te wai whakamarara mākū hei whakaiti i te wā me te kaha e hiahiatia ana hei whakaoti i te tukanga whakamarara, hei whakau i te whakamararatanga o te tae marara, hei whakatairanga piri PP, hei whakarerekē i ngā āhuatanga mata o ngā matūriki tae, me te whakarite i te nekenekehanga o ngā matūriki tae.
2. Whakaitihia te taumahatanga ā-kanohi i waenga i te wai-wai me te totoka-wai. He surfactants anō hoki ngā kaiwhakamarara. Ko ngā kaiwhakamarara he anionic, cationic, non-ionic, amphoteric me te polymeric. I roto i ēnei, ko te momo anionic te mea e whakamahia nuitia ana.
3. He mea whakamarara he mea āwhina hei whakapai ake i te whakamararatanga o ngā rauemi totoka, wai rānei.
Wā tuku: Akuhata-03-2022